Page 130 - Microsoft Word - FINAL COPY - A Legal Guide to Investing in Iraq _12-7-2015_ _6_.docx

See Sections I and III of this Legal Guide.
21. How is the NIC structured and
regulated as an Iraqi governmental
agency? How does it coordinate
investments between different
regions?
The NIC is charged with drafting national
investment policy and strategy at the
Federal level, including developmental
plans, regulations and guidelines for
implementing this policy, as well as
monitoring its implementation.
22. If there is a conflict between the
National Investment Law and other
Iraqi laws, which law prevails?
When a conflict arises in relation to
investment matters in Iraq, an Iraqi judge
will first apply the National Investment
Law as a specific law that regulates
investment activities. If the National
Investment Law is silent on a particular
legal issue, the judge will apply relevant
laws of general application such as Civil
Law No. 40 of 1951 and Trade Law No. 30
of 1984.
See Section I of this Legal Guide.
23. Does Iraq have specialized
commercial courts that offer
alternative dispute resolution
proceedings (such as arbitration,
mediation or conciliation)? Does the
Iraqi legal system provide for the
recognition and enforcement of
foreign arbitral awards?
Throughout decades of war and sanctions,
Iraqi courts became isolated from
developments in international commercial
transactions. More recently, Iraqi courts
have begun to see a significant increase in
126
.‫أﻧﻈﺮ اﻟﻘﺴﻢ اﻻول واﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪﻟﯿﻞ‬
‫ ﻣﺎ ھﻮ ﺑﻨﯿﺎن واﻷﺳﻠﻮب اﻟﺘﻨﻈﯿﻤﻲ ﻟﻠﮭﯿﺌﺔ اﻟﻮطﻨﯿﺔ‬.21
‫ وﻛﯿﻒ ﺗﻨ ّﺴﻖ‬،‫ﻟﻺﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر ﻛﮭﯿﺌﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﯿﺔ‬
‫إﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎراﺗﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﺎطﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ؟‬
‫اﻟﮭﯿﺌﺔ اﻟﻮطﻨﯿﺔ ﻣﻜﻠّﻔﺔ ﺑﻮﺿﻊ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺔ واﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺔ‬
‫اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر اﻟﻮطﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻻﺗﺤﺎدي ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ‬
،‫ذﻟﻚ ﺧﻄﻂ اﻟﺘﻨﻤﯿﺔ وأﻧﻈﻤﺔ وﺗﻮﺟﯿﮭﺎت ﺗﻨﻔﯿﺬ اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﺔ‬
.‫وﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﯿﺬھﺎ‬
‫ إذا ﻛﺎن ھﻨﺎك ﺗﻌﺎرض ﺑﯿﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﻲ‬.22
‫واﻟﻘﻮاﻧﯿﻦ اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﯿﺔ اﻷﺧﺮى ﻓﺄﯾﮭﻤﺎ ﯾﺮﺟﺢ ؟‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﯾﻨﺸﺄ ﻧﺰاع ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻷي ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺗﺨﺺ اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺮاق ﯾﻄﺒّﻖ اﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﻲ أوﻻً ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬
‫اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎره ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺧﺎص وھﻮ اﻟﻤﻨﻈﻢ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻛﺘﺎ‬. ‫ ﻓﺈذا ﻛﺎن ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‬. ‫ﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﯿﺔ ﻣﻌﯿﻨﺔ ﻓﺈن اﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ ﯾﻄﺒّﻖ‬
‫ ﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬40 ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻧﯿﻦ ذات اﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻤﺪﻧﻲ رﻗﻢ‬
.1984 ‫ ﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬30 ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة رﻗﻢ‬.‫ و‬،1951
.‫ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺴﻢ اﻷول ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪﻟﯿﻞ‬2 ‫أﻧﻈﺮ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ‬
‫ ھﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻟﺪى اﻟﻌﺮاق ﻣﺤﺎﻛﻢ ﺗﺠﺎرﯾﺔ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ‬.23
‫ﺗﻘﺪم اﻟﺘﺤﻜﯿﻢ واﻟﻮﺳﺎطﺔ وإﺟﺮاءات اﻟﻤﺼﺎﻟﺤﺔ ﻛﺂﻟﯿﺎت‬
‫ﺑﺪﯾﻠﺔ ﻟﺘﺴﻮﯾﺔ اﻟﻨﺰاع ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻛﻢ؟ ھﻞ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬
‫اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﻲ ﯾﻌﺘﺮف وﯾﻨﻔّﺬ ﻗﺮارات اﻟﺘﺤﻜﯿﻢ‬
‫اﻷﺟﻨﺒﯿﺔ؟‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪار ﻋﺸﺮات اﻟﺴﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺮوب واﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎت‬
‫أﺻﺒﺢ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻛﻢ اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﯿﺔ ﻣﻌﺰوﻻً ﻋﻦ اﻟﺘﻄﻮرات‬
‫ وﻟﻜﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻵوﻧﺔ‬،‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼت اﻟﺘﺠﺎرﯾﺔ اﻟﺪوﻟﯿﺔ‬
‫ ﺑﺪأت اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻛﻢ اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﯿﺔ ﺗﺸﮭﺪ زﯾﺎدة ﻛﺒﯿﺮة ﻓﻲ‬،‫اﻷﺧﯿﺮة‬
‫ ﻟﻜﻦ ﺗﻨﻔﯿﺬ اﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺮاق ﯾﻨﻄﻮي‬.‫اﻟﻘﻀﺎﯾﺎ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرﯾﺔ‬
‫ ﯾﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬،‫ وﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ ذﻟﻚ‬.‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻹﺷﻜﺎﻟﯿﺎت‬