Page 17 - Microsoft Word - FINAL COPY - A Legal Guide to Investing in Iraq _12-7-2015_ _6_.docx

time protecting those investment projects
from confiscation or nationalization.
Based on the principal of decentralization,
and to promote domestic and international
investment, the National Investment Law
created the NIC and PICs in each province of
Iraq. The underlying goal of the NIC and the
PICs is to facilitate all essential and
necessary approvals for obtaining an
investment license, and to facilitate the
creation of successful and sustainable
investment projects through the “One-Stop
Shop.”
The incremental shift toward backing the
growth of the private sector is aimed at
helping to spur investment projects in order
to create jobs, provide essential services, and
to minimize pressure on the State budget,
which is largely dependent on oil revenues
that are susceptible to price fluctuation.
It is now widely recognized that the private
sector is best positioned to help diversify the
Iraqi economy and firmly establish the
country as a nation open for business to
local, regional and international investors.
Iraqi Laws Relevant to an Investment
The provisions of the National Investment
Law are the general provisions for
standardizing the process of investment
activity in Iraq and cannot be relied on
exclusively as detailed instructions for
establishing or operating an investment
project. Rather, several laws work in concert
to organize and govern investments in Iraq.
The Iraqi legal regime governing investment
in Iraq consists of several related laws on
establishing a project, including: Residency
Law No. 118 of 1978, Companies Law No.
21 of 1997, as amended, Trade Law No. 30
of 1984, and Banking Law No. 94 of 2004,
Civil Law No. 40 of 1951, Investment Law
on Crude Oil Refining No. 64 of 2007,
13
‫وإﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎً ﻣﻦ ﻣﺒﺪأ اﻟﻼﻣﺮﻛﺰﯾﺔ اﻹدارﯾﺔ وﻟﺘﺸﺠﯿﻊ‬
‫اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ واﻟﺪوﻟﻲ أﻧﺸﺄ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﻲ‬
‫اﻟﮭﯿﺌﺔ اﻟﻮطﻨﯿﺔ ﻟﻺﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر وھﯿﺌﺎت إﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎت‬
‫ وﻛﺎن اﻟﮭﺪف اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻣﻦ‬.‫ﻓﻲ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎت اﻟﻌﺮاق‬
‫إﻧﺸﺎﺋﮭﺎ ھﻮ ﺗﺴﮭﯿﻞ إﺟﺮاءات اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻮاﻓﻘﺎت اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ إﺟﺎزة اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‬
‫وﺗﺴﮭﯿﻞ إﻧﺸﺎء ﻣﺸﺮوﻋﺎت إﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎرﯾﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﺪاﻣﺔ ﻧﺎﺟﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
.‫ﺧﻼل ﺧﻠﻖ ﻧﺎﻓﺬة واﺣﺪة ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬
‫إن اﻟﺘﺤﻮل اﻟﺘﺪرﯾﺠﻲ ﻟﺪﻋﻢ ﻧﻤﻮ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﺨﺎص ﯾﮭﺪف‬
‫إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة ﻓﻲ ﺗﺸﺠﯿﻊ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎرﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻹﯾﺠﺎد ﻓﺮص ﻋﻤﻞ وﺗﻮﻓﯿﺮ اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎت اﻟﻀﺮورﯾﺔ واﻟﺘﻘﻠﯿﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﯿﺰاﻧﯿﺔ اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ أﺳﺎﺳﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ‬
.‫ واﻟﺘﻲ ھﻰ ﻋﺮﺿﺔ ﻟﺘﻘﻠﺒﺎت أﺳﻌﺎر اﻟﺴﻮق‬،‫إﯾﺮادات اﻟﻨﻔﻂ‬
‫وھﻨﺎك إﺗﻔﺎق ﻋﺎم ﻋﻠﻰ أن اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﺨﺎص ﻣﺆھﻞ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة ﻓﻲ ﺗﻨﻮﯾﻊ اﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎد اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﻲ وﻓﻲ إرﺳﺎء‬
‫اﻟﻌﺮاق ﻛﺒﻠﺪ ﻣﻔﺘﻮح ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺘﺠﺎري ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
.‫اﻷﺻﻌﺪة اﻟﻤﺤﻠﯿﺔ واﻹﻗﻠﯿﻤﯿﺔ واﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﯿﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻧﯿﻦ اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﯿﺔ ذات اﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺸﺎط اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎري‬
‫ اﻟﻤﻌﺪل‬2006 ‫ ﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬13 ‫إن أﺣﻜﺎم ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر رﻗﻢ‬
‫ھﻲ اﻷﺣﻜﺎم اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﻨﺸﺎط اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎري ﻓﻲ‬
‫ وﻻ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﻹﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ ﺣﺼﺮﯾﺎً ﻟﺘﻮﻓﯿﺮ‬،‫اﻟﻌﺮاق‬
،‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻣﻔﺼﻠﺔ ﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﺸﺮوع إﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎري وﺗﺸﻐﯿﻠﮫ‬
‫وإﻧﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﺪة ﻗﻮاﻧﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﺎً ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻏﻢ ﻟﺘﻨﻈﯿﻢ‬
.‫اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎرات ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺮاق‬
‫وﯾﺘﻜﻮن اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ ﻟﻺﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪد ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﻮاﻧﯿﻦ‬
،ً‫ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﮭﺎ ﯾﻨﻈﻢ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﺎً ﻣﻌﯿﻨﺎ‬،‫ذات اﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﻹﻧﺸﺎء ﻣﺸﺮوع‬
‫ وﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬،1978 ‫ ﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬118 ‫ﻣﻨﮭﺎ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ رﻗﻢ‬
‫ اﻟﻤﻌﺪل وﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة‬1997 ‫ ﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬21 ‫اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎت رﻗﻢ‬
‫ ﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬94 ‫ وﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻤﺼﺎرف رﻗﻢ‬، ١٩٨٤ ‫ ﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬٣٠ ‫رﻗﻢ‬
‫ وﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬،1951 ‫ ﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬40 ‫ واﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻤﺪﻧﻲ رﻗﻢ‬،2004
‫ ﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬64 ‫اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر اﻟﺨﺎص ﺑﺘﺼﻔﯿﺔ اﻟﻨﻔﻂ اﻟﺨﺎم رﻗﻢ‬
‫ ﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬20 ‫ وﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ رﻗﻢ‬،2007