Page 16 - Microsoft Word - FINAL COPY - A Legal Guide to Investing in Iraq _12-7-2015_ _6_.docx

promoting and developing the private
sector.”
Moreover, Article 26 of the Constitution also
states “the State shall ensure that investment
is promoted in the various sectors, and this
shall be regulated by law.”
These constitutional provisions, which were
geared toward spurring the development of
the private sector, were implemented through
the National Investment Law, as well as
additional pieces of relevant legislation such
as the Competition Law, Anti-Trust Law,
Domestic Product Protection Law, and
others. The main purpose behind enacting
the National Investment Law, which is
recognized as one of the most comprehensive
and modern investment laws in the region,
was to boost economic and social
development, attract technical and scientific
expertise, develop human resources, and
create jobs for Iraqis. Such economic growth
would be driven by promoting investment in
all sectors based on local priorities, as well
as developing existing projects at every
economic level and granting privileges and
exemptions to investors to ensure their long-
term commitment to the country’s economic
development.
Yet, the hallmark of the National Investment
Law is that it removed the exclusion of non-
Iraqi citizens from investment and trade in
Iraq. This was achieved by allowing any
licensed investor to invest in a variety of
economic sectors, and by treating Iraqi and
foreign investors equally in terms of the
rights and privileges established by law.
This law includes many rights and privileges
for investors, including exemptions from
customs and taxes, simplification of the
process for bringing capital in and out of the
country, and the ability to bring in foreign
workers and provide them residency to carry
out investment projects, while at the same
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‫ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮر ﻋﻠﻰ أن‬26 ‫ ﻧﺼﺖ اﻟﻤﺎدة‬،‫ﻋﻼوة ﻋﻠﻰ ذﻟﻚ‬
‫"ﺗﻜﻔﻞ اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ ﺗﺸﺠﯿﻊ اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎرات ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬
".‫ وﺗﻨﻈﻢ ذﻟﻚ ﺑﻘﺎﻧﻮن‬،‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﺗﻢ إﻋﺘﻤﺎد وﺗﻔﻌﯿﻞ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﻨﺼﻮص اﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮرﯾﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺗﮭﺪف إﻟﻰ ﺗﺸﺠﯿﻊ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﺨﺎص ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺗﺸﺮﯾﻊ‬
‫ اﻟﻤﻌﺪل إﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬٢٠٠٦ ‫ ﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬13 ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر رﻗﻢ‬
‫ ﻛﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﺴﺔ‬،‫اﻟﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺘﺸﺮﯾﻌﺎت ذات اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬
.‫وﻣﻨﻊ اﻹﺣﺘﻜﺎر وﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ وﻏﯿﺮھﺎ‬
‫ واﻟﺬي‬،‫واﻟﻐﺎﯾﺔ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﯿﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺮﯾﻊ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‬
‫ﯾﻌﺘﺒﺮ واﺣﺪاً ﻣﻦ أﻛﺜﺮ اﻟﻘﻮاﻧﯿﻦ اﻟﺸﺎﻣﻠﺔ واﻟﺘﻘﺪﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ ھﻮ دﻓﻊ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻨﻤﯿﺔ اﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺔ واﻹﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ‬،‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬
‫ وﺗﻨﻤﯿﺔ‬،‫ وﺟﻠﺐ اﻟﺨﺒﺮات اﻟﺘﻘﻨﯿﺔ واﻟﻌﻠﻤﯿﺔ‬،‫وﺗﻄﻮﯾﺮھﺎ‬
‫ وﯾﺘﺤﻘﻖ‬.‫ وإﯾﺠﺎد ﻓﺮص ﻋﻤﻞ ﻟﻠﻌﺮاﻗﯿﯿﻦ‬،‫اﻟﻤﻮارد اﻟﺒﺸﺮﯾﺔ‬
‫ھﺬا اﻟﻨﻤﻮ اﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺑﺘﺸﺠﯿﻊ اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎرات ﺑﻤﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬
‫ وﺗﻄﻮﯾﺮ اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﯾﻊ‬،‫اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت وﺣﺴﺐ اﻷوﻟﻮﯾﺎت اﻟﻤﺤﻠﯿﺔ‬
‫ وﻣﻨﺢ‬،‫اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻷﺻﻌﺪة اﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻹﻣﺘﯿﺎزات واﻹﻋﻔﺎءات ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻟﻀﻤﺎن إﻟﺘﺰاﻣﮭﻢ‬
.‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺪى اﻟﻄﻮﯾﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻨﻤﯿﺔ اﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻼد‬
‫ﻏﯿﺮ أن أﺑﺮز ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﺑﮫ ھﺬا اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ھﻮ أﻧﮫ أزال اﻟﻘﯿﻮد‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﻏﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﻮاطﻨﯿﻦ اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﯿﯿﻦ ﺑﻤﺎ ﯾﺘﯿﺢ ﻟﮭﻢ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ وﺗﺤﻘﻖ ذﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻤﺎح‬.‫اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر واﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺮاق‬
‫ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮ أن ﯾﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺪد ﻣﺘﻨﻮع ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬
‫ وﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮﯾﻦ اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﯿﯿﻦ واﻷﺟﺎﻧﺐ‬،‫اﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺔ‬
‫ ﻣﻦ ﺣﯿﺚ اﻟﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻘﻮق واﻹﻣﺘﯿﺎزات‬،‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪ ﺳﻮاء‬
.‫اﻟﺘﻲ أﻗﺮھﺎ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن‬
‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﺗﻀﻤﻦ ھﺬا اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻜﺜﯿﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﻘﻮق واﻹﻣﺘﯿﺎزات‬
،‫ ﻣﻦ ﺣﯿﺚ اﻹﻋﻔﺎءات اﻟﻜﻤﺮﻛﯿﺔ واﻟﻀﺮﯾﺒﯿﺔ‬،‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮﯾﻦ‬
‫وﺗﺒﺴﯿﻂ إدﺧﺎل أو إﺧﺮاج رؤوس اﻷﻣﻮال وإﺳﺘﻘﺪام‬
‫اﻟﻌﻤﺎﻟﺔ اﻷﺟﻨﺒﯿﺔ وﻣﻨﺤﮭﻢ ﺣﻖ اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﻷﻏﺮاض اﻟﻘﯿﺎم‬
‫ ﻣﻊ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺔ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﯾﻊ ﻣﻦ‬،‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺎرﯾﻊ اﻹﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎرﯾﺔ‬
.‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎدرة أو اﻟﺘﺄﻣﯿﻢ أو ﻧﺰع اﻟﻤﻠﻜﯿﺔ‬